Synthesis of 2-Aminophosphates via SN2-Type Ring Openings of Aziridines with Organophosphoric Acids.

The synthesis of 2-aminophosphates is achieved by a SN2-type ring opening reaction of various N-protected or free aziridines with phosphoric acids in a regiospecific and/or enantiospecific way. A one-pot, two-step procedure is also developed enabling direct access to 2-aminophosphates from olefins without isolation of the aziridine intermediates.

Hypovolemia-induced Cardiac Tamponade in a Patient with Hypothyroidism.

BACKGROUND: Pericardial effusion occurs frequently in patients with hypothyroidism and is typically mild. Although extremely uncommon, massive pericardial effusion can compromise hemodynamics and cause cardiac tamponade. Reduced plasma volume has been reported to induce cardiac tamponade in massive pericardial effusion, but to our knowledge, hypovolemia-induced cardiac tamponade has not been reported in cases of hypothyroidism with pericardial effusion. OBJECTIVES: We describe a case of hypothyroidism with cardiac tamponade due to an uncommon cause that, to our knowledge, has never been reported. CASE REPORT: A 64-year-old woman with untreated hypothyroidism presented with acute abdominal pain and watery diarrhea. The patient experienced shock and cardiac arrest during the examination. Massive pericardial effusion was detected and cardiac tamponade was diagnosed. We suspected that the pericardial effusion was pre-existing due to an 11-year history of untreated hypothyroidism. On presentation, there was no hemodynamic compromise. Watery diarrhea persisted and intravenous fluid supplementation may have been inadequate. Hypovolemia developed and induced cardiac tamponade in the presence of the massive pericardial effusion. Successful resuscitation was achieved after cardiopulmonary resuscitation, aggressive intravenous fluid supplementation, and immediate pericardiocentesis. CONCLUSION: Pericardiocentesis is indicated for hypothyroid patients with cardiac tamponade. We recommend the use of small, multi-hole catheters and daily measurement of drainage fluid. If the pericardial effusion does not resolve, a pericardial window with chest tube drainage should be performed.

Massive pericardial effusion with diastolic right ventricular compression secondary to hypothyroidism in a 73-year-old woman.

Pericardial effusion is commonly seen in patients with hypothyroidism, but a massive pericardial effusion with obvious diastolic right ventricular compression is uncommon. We herein report a case of 73-year-old woman seen in the ED with generalized weakness and hypotension. Echocardiography revealed a massive pericardial effusion with diastolic right ventricular compression, and thyroid function testing revealed marked hypothyroidism. The pericardial effusion resolved after the administration of thyroid replacement therapy. This case reveals the importance of including hypothyroidism in the differential diagnosis of pericardia effusion.

Home-based deep breathing for depression in patients with coronary heart disease: a randomised controlled trial.

OBJECTIVES: The primary aim of this study was to examine the effect of a home-based deep-breathing training programme on depressive symptoms as compared with a control condition (i.e., weekly telephone support) in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). DESIGN: This efficacy trial used a randomised controlled, parallel group design. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS: A total of 62 CHD patients with a Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) >10 were randomised to receive either home-based deep-breathing training (experimental group, n=28) or weekly telephone support (control group, n=34). Both participants and data assessors were blinded to the study hypothesis. The primary outcome measure was the change in the self-reported depressive symptom severity, measured by the BDI-II. The secondary outcome was the change in the Patient Health Questionnaure-9 (PHQ-9)-assessed depressive symptom severity. Depressive symptoms were assessed at baseline and post-test in both groups. For the experimental group, depressive symptoms were also assessed at the end of the first 2 weeks of training. RESULTS: The post-test BDI-II and PHQ-9 were significantly lower in the experimental group than in the control group (p<0.001 and p<0.001, respectively). The decreases in BDI-II, from baseline, at post-test were significantly greater in the experimental group as compared with the control group (95% confidence interval (CI): -12.554 to -5.408, p<0.001). Similarly, the pre-test-to-post-test change in PHQ-9 scores was significantly greater in the experimental group as compared with the control group (95% CI: -5.59 to -0.092, p=0.007). Examining the changes in BDI-II and PHQ-9 within the experimental group by the repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that both measures of depressive symptoms decreased significantly over time (both p<0.001). The percentage of participants with a BDI-II >or=17 decreased over time from 28.6% at baseline, and 17.9% during treatment, to 10.7% post-test. CONCLUSIONS: Home-based deep-breathing training is effective in reducing depressive symptoms as compared with telephone support in patients with CHD.

catena-Poly[[diaqua-strontium(II)]-bis-[µ-2-(3-benzoyl-phen-yl)propano-ato]].

In the title coordination polymer, [Sr(C(16)H(13)O(3))(2)(H(2)O)(2)](n), the Sr(II) cation is eight-coordinated by six O atoms from four different 2-(3-benzoyl-phen-yl)propano-ate ligands and two O atoms of two water mol-ecules in a distorted dodeca-hedral geometry. Adjacent Sr(II) cations are bridged by two 2-(3-benzoyl-phen-yl)propano-ate ligands, forming an infinite chain along the b axis; the chains are further linked by inter-molecular O-H-O hydrogen bonds into a three-dimensional supra-molecular network.

Influence of molecular scattering models on aerosol optical properties measured by high spectral resolution lidar.

The influence of molecular scattering models on aerosol optical properties measured by high spectral resolution lidar (HSRL) is experimentally investigated and theoretically evaluated. The measurements analyzed in this study were made during three field campaigns by the German Aerospace Center airborne HSRL. The influence of the respective theoretical model on spaceborne HSRL retrievals is also estimated. Generally, the influence on aerosol extinction coefficient can be neglected for both airborne and spaceborne HSRLs. However, the influence on aerosol backscatter coefficient depends on aerosol concentration and is larger than 3% (6%) at ground level for airborne (spaceborne) HSRLs, which is considerable for the spaceborne HSRL, especially when the aerosol concentration is low. A comparison of the HSRL measurements and coordinated ground-based sunphotometer measurements shows that the influence of the model is observable and comparable to the measurement error of the lidar system.

High spatial and temporal resolution mobile incoherent Doppler lidar for sea surface wind measurements.

A mobile Doppler lidar based on an injection-seeded diode-pumped Nd:YAG pulsed laser with a high repetition rate was developed to measure the sea surface wind (SSW) with high spatial and temporal resolution. The system was operated during the 2007 Qingdao International Regatta to measure the distribution of SSW in the racing area in real time with 50-100 m horizontal resolution and 2-10 min temporal resolution. An observation of nonuniform distribution of SSW is presented. The lidar results are compared with both buoy and wind tower measurements, which show good agreement. This lidar can be used advantageously for the 2008 Olympic sailing games as well as for observing mesoscale and microscale meteorology processes.